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How does mortality differ across countries?

One of the most important ways to measure the burden of COVID-19 is mortality. Countries throughout the world have reported very different case fatality ratios – the number of deaths divided by the number of confirmed cases. Differences in mortality numbers can be caused by:

• Differences in the number of people tested: With more testing, more people with milder cases are identified. This lowers the case-fatality ratio.
• Demographics: For example, mortality tends to be higher in older populations.
• Characteristics of the healthcare system: For example, mortality may rise as hospitals become overwhelmed and have fewer resources.
• Other factors, many of which remain unknown.

This page was last updated on Saturday, May 16, 2020 at 11:46 PM EDT.

Mortality in the most affected countries

For the 10 countries most affected by COVID-19 worldwide, the bars in the chart below show the number of deaths either per 100 confirmed cases (observed case-fatality ratio) or per 100,000 population (this represents a country’s general population, with both confirmed cases and healthy people). Countries at the top of this figure have the most deaths proportionally to their COVID-19 cases or population, not necessarily the most deaths overall.

Worldwide mortality

The diagonal lines on the chart below correspond to different case fatality ratios (the number of deaths divided by the number of confirmed cases). Countries falling on the uppermost lines have the highest observed case fatality ratios. Points with a black border correspond to the 10 most affected countries by COVID-19 worldwide, based on the number of deaths. Hover over the circles to see the country name and a ratio value. Use the boxes on the top to toggle between: 1) mortality per absolute number of cases (total confirmed cases within a country); and mortality per 100,000 people (this represents a country’s general population, with both confirmed cases and healthy people).

Cases and mortality by country

Country	Confirmed	Deaths	Case-Fatality	Deaths/100k pop.
US	1,467,820	88,754	6.0%	27.13
United Kingdom	241,461	34,546	14.3%	51.96
Italy	224,760	31,763	14.1%	52.56
Spain	230,698	27,563	11.9%	58.99
France	179,630	27,532	15.3%	41.10
Brazil	233,511	15,662	6.7%	7.48
Belgium	54,989	9,005	16.4%	78.84
Germany	175,752	7,938	4.5%	9.57
Iran	118,392	6,937	5.9%	8.48
Canada	77,206	5,800	7.5%	15.65
Netherlands	44,070	5,689	12.9%	33.02
Mexico	47,144	5,045	10.7%	4.00
China	84,044	4,638	5.5%	0.33
Turkey	148,067	4,096	2.8%	4.98
Sweden	29,677	3,674	12.4%	36.08
India	90,648	2,871	3.2%	0.21
Ecuador	32,763	2,688	8.2%	15.73
Russia	272,043	2,537	0.9%	1.76
Peru	88,541	2,523	2.8%	7.89
Switzerland	30,572	1,879	6.1%	22.06
Ireland	24,048	1,533	6.4%	31.59
Portugal	28,810	1,203	4.2%	11.70
Romania	16,704	1,094	6.5%	5.62
Indonesia	17,025	1,089	6.4%	0.41
Poland	18,257	915	5.0%	2.41
Pakistan	38,799	834	2.1%	0.39
Philippines	12,305	817	6.6%	0.77
Japan	16,237	725	4.5%	0.57
Austria	16,201	629	3.9%	7.11
Egypt	11,719	612	5.2%	0.62
Colombia	14,939	562	3.8%	1.13
Denmark	11,056	543	4.9%	9.37
Algeria	6,821	542	7.9%	1.28
Ukraine	17,858	497	2.8%	1.11
Hungary	3,473	448	12.9%	4.59
Dominican Republic	12,110	428	3.5%	4.03
Chile	41,428	421	1.0%	2.25
Argentina	7,805	363	4.7%	0.82
Bangladesh	20,995	314	1.5%	0.19
Saudi Arabia	52,016	302	0.6%	0.90
Finland	6,286	297	4.7%	5.38
Czechia	8,455	296	3.5%	2.79
Panama	9,449	269	2.8%	6.44
Israel	16,608	268	1.6%	3.02
Korea, South	11,050	262	2.4%	0.51
South Africa	14,355	261	1.8%	0.45
Norway	8,237	232	2.8%	4.37
Serbia	10,496	228	2.2%	3.27
United Arab Emirates	22,627	214	0.9%	2.22
Moldova	5,934	207	3.5%	5.84
Morocco	6,741	192	2.8%	0.53
Nigeria	5,621	176	3.1%	0.09
Afghanistan	6,402	168	2.6%	0.45
Bolivia	3,826	165	4.3%	1.45
Greece	2,819	162	5.7%	1.51
Belarus	28,681	160	0.6%	1.69
Cameroon	3,105	140	4.5%	0.56
Honduras	2,565	138	5.4%	1.44
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2,267	129	5.7%	3.88
Iraq	3,260	121	3.7%	0.31
Malaysia	6,872	113	1.6%	0.36
Kuwait	13,802	107	0.8%	2.59
Bulgaria	2,175	105	4.8%	1.49
Luxembourg	3,930	104	2.6%	17.11
Slovenia	1,465	103	7.0%	4.98
North Macedonia	1,762	98	5.6%	4.70
Australia	7,044	98	1.4%	0.39
Sudan	2,289	97	4.2%	0.23
Croatia	2,224	95	4.3%	2.32
Cuba	1,862	79	4.2%	0.70
Estonia	1,770	63	3.6%	4.77
Congo (Kinshasa)	1,455	61	4.2%	0.07
Thailand	3,025	56	1.9%	0.08
Lithuania	1,534	55	3.6%	1.97
Somalia	1,357	55	4.1%	0.37
Armenia	4,283	55	1.3%	1.86
Andorra	761	51	6.7%	66.23
Burkina Faso	782	51	6.5%	0.26
Niger	889	51	5.7%	0.23
Kenya	830	50	6.0%	0.10
Chad	474	50	10.5%	0.32
Mali	835	48	5.7%	0.25
Tunisia	1,037	45	4.3%	0.39
San Marino	653	41	6.3%	121.36
Azerbaijan	3,138	36	1.1%	0.36
Tajikistan	1,322	36	2.7%	0.40
Kazakhstan	5,850	34	0.6%	0.19
Guatemala	1,763	33	1.9%	0.19
Albania	933	31	3.3%	1.08
Sierra Leone	462	29	6.3%	0.38
Kosovo	944	29	3.1%	1.57
Ghana	5,735	29	0.5%	0.10
Slovakia	1,493	28	1.9%	0.51
Lebanon	902	26	2.9%	0.38
El Salvador	1,265	26	2.1%	0.40
Senegal	2,429	25	1.0%	0.16
Cote d'Ivoire	2,061	25	1.2%	0.10
Singapore	27,356	22	0.1%	0.39
New Zealand	1,499	21	1.4%	0.43
Oman	5,029	21	0.4%	0.43
Tanzania	509	21	4.1%	0.04
Liberia	223	20	9.0%	0.42
Haiti	358	20	5.6%	0.18
Uruguay	733	19	2.6%	0.55
Latvia	997	19	1.9%	0.99
Yemen	122	18	14.8%	nan
Cyprus	914	17	1.9%	1.43
Guinea	2,658	16	0.6%	0.13
Congo (Brazzaville)	391	15	3.8%	0.29
Qatar	30,972	15	0.0%	0.54
Kyrgyzstan	1,117	14	1.3%	0.22
Diamond Princess	712	13	1.8%	nan
Bahrain	6,747	12	0.2%	0.76
Georgia	683	12	1.8%	0.32
Gabon	1,320	11	0.8%	0.52
Paraguay	778	11	1.4%	0.16
Uzbekistan	2,738	11	0.4%	0.03
Togo	298	11	3.7%	0.14
Bahamas	96	11	11.5%	nan
Mauritius	332	10	3.0%	0.79
Guyana	117	10	8.5%	1.28
Iceland	1,802	10	0.6%	2.83
Costa Rica	853	10	1.2%	0.20
Venezuela	504	10	2.0%	0.03
Montenegro	324	9	2.8%	1.45
Sri Lanka	960	9	0.9%	0.04
Jamaica	517	9	1.7%	0.31
Jordan	607	9	1.5%	0.09
Trinidad and Tobago	116	8	6.9%	0.58
Nicaragua	25	8	32.0%	0.12
Equatorial Guinea	594	7	1.2%	0.53
Taiwan*	440	7	1.6%	0.03
Barbados	86	7	8.1%	2.44
Sao Tome and Principe	235	7	3.0%	3.32
Zambia	679	7	1.0%	0.04
Burma	182	6	3.3%	nan
Malta	546	6	1.1%	1.24
Ethiopia	306	5	1.6%	0.00
Mauritania	40	4	10.0%	0.09
South Sudan	236	4	1.7%	0.04
Djibouti	1,331	4	0.3%	0.42
Guinea-Bissau	969	4	0.4%	0.21
Zimbabwe	42	4	9.5%	0.03
Maldives	1,078	4	0.4%	0.78
Monaco	96	4	4.2%	10.34
Malawi	65	3	4.6%	0.02
Cabo Verde	328	3	0.9%	0.55
Antigua and Barbuda	25	3	12.0%	3.12
Syria	51	3	5.9%	nan
Libya	65	3	4.6%	0.04

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